Wednesday, February 20, 2008

1. I'm almost done with the book, "The Intellligent Investor", and I must say it's a good read, although it can be pretty boring due to the technical terms but being in Accounting helps just a little bit. No regrets on the purchase of this book w/o discount @ $35. Ha! I'll be posting some points which I gather from the read soon, probably, end of this week.

2. If some of you still do not know, we are really in the very volatile period. Don't throw your $$ into counters when everything is rising, that's against the principle of buying low and selling high. Don't you still already get it?

3. I've observed that China plays are exceptionally volatile these 2 days and please think thrice about entering your positions. Heed resistance and support lines on charts. Once again, dun buy in the middle of no where!! Gets you nowhere!

4. I'm currently looking into putting my already very little $$ into defensive counters for yield play. Eyeing SingPost, cheapest monopoly, I think. Any other suggestions, do advice.

5. I'm thinking of doing some reads at the moment and is finding the information all too much. If you're intersted to share knowledge or share the learning burden with me, drop me a mail.

6. Lastly, if you do not know, bonus or rights issue do not improve your net gains although the quantity increase, the worth decreased. Don't get all happy about it.
__________________________________________________________________

Just sharing my current thoughts and situation with all of you.
If I'm wrong anywhere, let me know.
If you wanna share anything with me, drop me a mail, I'll reply. =)

5 comments:

Anonymous said...

林行止: 管制价格津贴用户扭曲供求遗害愈甚

2008年02月20日

一、  物价尤其是食品价格上涨,是普世现象,其理由过去本栏已多有阐述。对付这种趋势的办法,先进国家在「价格市场决定」的前提下,政府只会看情况辅以货币或财政政策,在发展中国家,则大部分政府采取较直接即以行政手段干预市场,其办法不外是津贴生产商(不准产品加价)、补助消费者(提高种种福利甚至现金津贴)或规限价格升幅;这种情况不仅内地为然,墨西哥且亲由总统下令不准玉米饼(tortillas,如白饭、馒头及面条等主食)加价,俄罗斯则为牛奶及面包价设上限,至于阿根廷、埃及、厄瓜多尔、泰国和委内瑞拉,亦有种种压低民生用品价格的措施,向来靠出口食米赚取外汇的越南和印度,本月初相继宣布暂停食米出口,沙地阿拉伯、科威特及也门,为保持面粉价格,去周先后公布每吨进口面粉津贴六十五美元,马来西亚和巴基斯坦政府去年十月开始囤积主食物……。

  政府设法维持物价稳定令人民生活「无忧」,目的在平息民众因生活费上升引发的怨气和骚乱,可说是营造太平景象的手段,这样做在短期内确可生效,可是,简单的经济学常识告诉我们,物价处于低水平会刺激需求,人人负担得起,很少人会在节约及减少消耗上动脑筋,结果是潜伏性通胀压力愈大;令经济学家忧虑最深的是,生产商如农场主人会因此不愿在基建如灌溉系统上投资,在足以提高生产力的新科技上投资当然更不消提,这等于说有关商品产量在政府微调下,最乐观的估计是原地踏步,应付不断增加的要求因而唯有求诸进口一途,而消费国在国际市场「抢」购令价格进一步扬升,奉行市场经济的出口国消费者因此得支付更高的价格,其消费者物价指数无可避免上升。非常明显,上述这种物价「循环」,便是通货膨胀必然变本加厉的根本因素。

  对于发达国家的消费者来说,供应青果蔬菜的大都是「超市」而非「街市」,那意味他们消耗的不是鲜果和鲜菜而是冷冻物品,而这些「冻品」可能在一年前已被收购、处理、冷藏,然后运往各地(超市遍布全国的市场),罐头蔬果的「入货期」更可能长达三、四年。急冻及入罐期不论短长,只要在「有效期限」之内,均不致对食用者带来健康问题,值得注意的是,它们的「入货期」价格尚未上升,换句话说,「超市」供应的急冻蔬果及罐头价格,稍后亦会因为原材料价格增加而上扬。

二、  所有以行政手段控制物价的方法,俱可收短期成效但有预期以外的效果(所谓unintended consequences),中国政府去年初限制汽油价格升幅,在原油价格上升之下,油公司不愿扩充炼油设施,结果是柴油供应短缺,这便是十月间大家在电视上看见货车在加油站前大排长龙、不少油站甚且没有供应的底因。价格管制是为了使通胀率不致因物价腾贵而上升,但产量因此停滞以至下跌令潜在通胀比前更甚;在无法限制原油进口价的情形下限制汽油价格还会吃掉公司利润,虽然作为大股东的国家毫不在乎,但对上市公司的小股东并不公平,因为这样做等于要他们和政府一样津贴消费者,这是投资者不必亦不应承担的义务与责任。

  国家统计局昨天公布今年一月份的消费物价指数较去年同期升百分之七点一(十二月为百分之六点五),为一九九七年以来新高;内地专家把之归因于突如其来的雪雨令「大面积农地减产」有以致之,这应是事实,但只是部分事实,雪雨对一月的打击只有数天,且其影响不会那么快便全面反映在价格上,二月以至三月的通胀率相信还再进一步;笔者认为内地粮食价格上涨的根本原因是国际价格升个不停,因此雪雨过后内地格价难望明显下跌。国际价格上升的理由,简单地看,是环球存粮降至三十年来新低、肥料及油价不断上升及生化能源(乙醇)消耗大量(今年美国用于提炼乙醇的玉米约三千万吨)玉米;玉米有价农夫纷纷加种,结果是其它农产品产量减少价格上升……。

  政府津贴、补助,不但并非治本之计,而且是政府的重大财政负担,中国政府为此付出多少代价,大概是国家机密,不提也罢;唯人口四千万的阿根廷,为了管制电力价格,在二○○三至○七年一共由财政部直接拨款四十亿美元;阿根廷的电费比邻国巴西和智利低约百分之八十,但由于电力公司无利可图(津贴仅堪支付不断上升的发电原材料石油和煤价),不思扩充及改善发电设备,其停电时间则比邻国频仍。

  中国管制物价,希望只是短期措施,不然后果很严重!

Anonymous said...

Paths of investing

By S.Dali
9 February 2008

EVERYONE who starts investing will try to understand the stock markets by talking to those who have invested. Then, we move on to reading books by the Grahams, Lynchs and Buffetts of the investing world.

Then, most probably after losing more money, we will gravitate towards the technicals and charting gurus: the waves, oscillators, fibonaccis, RSI, momentum, etc.

And then, what do we end up with?

Some of us stick to a tried and trusted way of investing, or just something we are comfortable with, or something we can understand. So which group do you belong to?

Fundamental Analysis

This group, the fundamental analysis, basically looks at the cause-effect in investing variables. This can be broken up into two groups, namely, top-down or bottom-up. The former refers to getting the macro picture and capital flows correct.

This will give the investor a proper perspective on country and currency exposure. If you get the country and currency correct, it doesn't really matter much about picking the right stocks.

Get the big picture wrong and it matters little whether your have picked some great value stocks – great value stocks would remain just that, great value, not performing stocks.

Then there are those who would swear off the big picture volatility analysis, seeing stocks as basically long term companies doing a certain kind of business.

The bottom-up investor would stay focus on picking undervalued stocks and based on the theory that holding a good long-term stock would eventually outperform in the long run, riding out the volatility.

A financial analyst or business analyst would be doing things from a bottom-up perspective. Breaking down product lines, revenue streams, debt levels, cash flow analysis, product outlook, business model, margins and sustainability of earnings, among others.

To be fair, most fundamentals investors employ both approaches in some way or other.

A top-down person would need to be more well versed with economics while the bottom-up needs to appreciate the nuances of accounting.

People in this camp wants everything to be explained, the cause-effect. If they did not spot the correction beforehand, it's because they haven't been giving adequate attention to certain investing variables.

In other words: Top-down investing – People with a bit of economics knowledge but averse to accounting-related matters.

Bottom-up investing – People who know a bit about accounting but hate fiction.

Then there are the ones who embraced technical and charting religiously.

These are basically pattern seekers, they try to find pattern from historical prices.

To me, these are people who have basically given up trying to understand stocks.

They are basically saying there is not much point trying to understand fundamentals – its either too hard or that it doesn't matter much really in the end.

On the other hand, the patterns and data may yield more than just trends; they believe that the human psychology and the way people invest are already reflected in past data: and they tend to repeat themselves.

If you are able to decipher trends, breakouts and supports: you are golden.

To be fair, there are some who employ a mish-mash strategy of fundamentals and charting in investing.

Here, I am not trying to say which is the better option as most reported studies tend to come to the conclusion that it is very difficult to beat the market in the long run.

People like Buffett and Lynch are explained as minor aberrations to the data.

This doesn't sound good for the average investor, does it!

Big investment houses employ highly paid quants to do analysis and highly-evolved econometric models to squeeze anomalies (returns) from the market place.

Quantitative finance might sound like rocket science but even they are not infallible. Just look at the LTCM and Goldman Sach's in-house hedge fund experience.

Hence, we cannot roll our eyes if a seasoned trader said that he/she relies on market rumours or whispers to make his/her stock selection.

A bull market has the effect of making almost everyone think that they have harvested the ability to be brilliant stock pickers.

In actual fact, a bull market only makes it easier to pick performing stocks.

It is probably the mystique of being successful in investing that keeps investors baffled yet attracted to the field.

Behavioural finance

Personally, I feel that there are strengths and weaknesses to each of the investing strategy. I would suggest encouraging young investors to pay more attention to behavioural finance in addition to the stuff in textbooks. It is important to understand the madness of crowds.

Another point is to read up more on investing variables, examine their cause-effect relationship, and then rank them in your head in order of importance.

The trouble is you can read books and watch the business programs but you will be inundated with information overload.

We have to learn to sieve through all of that information to make our own conclusions.

To extend on the cause-effect on investing variables, we need to go further down the chain of events. It's like a good chess player and a grandmaster.

A good player may be able to think 3 or 4 moves ahead but a grandmaster can go much farther. I do think by stretching your analysis, it gives you an edge.

We need all the help we can get. As Soros rightly put it, “More importantly, it is how much money you make when you're right about the market and how much you lose when you're wrong.”

To do that: we need to get the big picture right; we need to get the exit, entry and cut loss prices right; and we need to pick the right stocks with corresponding valuation and growth implied, and note them when the variables start to deteriorate.

We need all the tools that will help us achieve that.

Anonymous said...

林行止: 中国经济升级带动全球通胀

2008年02月21日

  一位前厂家的友人在「评论」〈羊城招工起薪升百分之十三创新高〉新闻时,指出这是中国经济转型的开始,他说,当厂商尤其是劳工密集的工厂赚大钱时,经济表象即使蓬勃丰盛,经济本质仍属艰难期;只有厂商面临工人难求、盈利倒退的大环境,才是经济升级的征象。这种情况香港人应该非常清楚,愈来愈多空置厂厦说明低档工业已无可为,但香港经济确是比前更上层楼!看来中国经济亦将如此。

  上述那段刊于本报十八日的消息,指出「七千个空缺岗位,进场求职人员不过四千人次。上周末广州节后首场招聘会呈现企业招工难、劳动者找工易现象。为了抢到心水员工,平均起薪点增幅达百分之十三」。这种增幅,是建立在「外地民工」二○○五年薪金平均升百分之六点五、○六年升百分之十一点五、○七年升百分之二十的基础上,薪金连年增加,具体地反映了内地劳工市场「人求事」的情况已彻底改观,经过三十年的「艰苦奋斗」及充分利用政府给予的种种优惠条件(包括漠视劳工权益),经营有术、避税有方的资本家早已「先富起来」。另一方面,这数年来,中国取消农业税、贯彻九年免费教育、津贴粮价、实施农村保健措施,大部分国人的收入有所增加,劳工阶级开始行使其工作选择权,是大势所趋,他们当然会和昨天罗耕在「财经DNA」所写一样:〈人望高处〉。罗氏这样写道:「港商北上的历史,起码有二十年。当时大陆有的是贱命,无的是技术,工人任劳任怨,随时因工伤残。相反,港商有的是资本,无的是人力,于是各取所需,达成双赢贸易。不过,既然深知珠三角不外是滞后二十年的香港,理应不会料不到有二十年后的今天。港商们,二十年来你们有未雨绸缪吗?二十年前政策『倾斜』(共X挡语)到你们一边,目的就是以剥削(也是共X挡语)当地工人来换取你们设厂,你取便宜,他取技术。如今他们已有相当技术,工资亦不再便宜,设厂模式瓦解亦自然不过。难道大陆要无了期地以剥削、污染政策来优惠你们?」别说罗耕「犬儒」,实情确是如此。

  不管港商能否适应新的经济生态,内地营商环境已变,是不可逆转的趋势。薪金上升、原材料及能源价格飞涨、更严格的环保措施出台、数以百项出口货退税政策取消、今年一月一日落实的新《劳动合同法》(有厂商在《金融时报》指出当局推出多项保障权益的措施,内地劳工成本今年将增百分之四十,厂商「生意维艰」,难怪张五常在《壹周刊》的「南风窗」一连数周予此新法以恶评;练乙铮在本报「香岛论丛」则细说其利〔抽象的〕少弊〔具体的〕多之病)以至人民币价只有上升未见下降,在在增加生产成本,于不动声色间把「中国制造」和低价产品中间的等号摘除!

  中国经济蓬勃,对电力需求日趋殷切,内地电力能源主要是煤(煤产生了百分之七十八的电力),而其价格去年增百分之七十三(据「纽卡素环球煤价指数〔Global Coal New Castle Index〕」),中国本来是产煤和出口煤的大国,但去年第一季开始成为煤的净入口国(去年进口煤为五千一百多万吨,比二○○六年增百分之三十四),从南非大停电矿区无法运作令矿产供应抽紧的情况看,加上恶性通胀骎骎然有卷土重来之势,煤价今年有升无已,似属必然。显而易见,内地厂商经营成本上涨,是全面性而非地区性,换句话说,即使厂商弃高成本地区如珠三角向较偏远地区迁徙,并不等同搬往低成本地区。

 生产成本上涨令物价上升这种转变,不仅对厂商带来冲击,对消费者的影响亦非常深广。迄今为止,中国低价货出口,等于向进口其货物的市场输出通缩,这种情况不仅令消费者开颜,亦使联储局前主席格林斯平把利率降低至绝对足以诱发通胀的一厘但通胀不至;低利率刺激了美国经济长期增长,然而,天下没有免费午餐,美国开始要为长期繁荣付出经济代价了。统计显示「中国制造」占美国百分之七点五的消费品市场,比例不算太大,但那已褫夺其竞争者的定价能力,令美国赤字山积、利率似有若无、消费者大事举债消费而通胀人间蒸发。这种好景将因中国输出的不再是通缩反可能是通胀而全面改观。「中国制造」价格因成本上涨而上升,亦予其竞争对手以加价的机会,结果自然是环球性通胀升势变本加厉!

  中国出口货价上升的后果,可能是中国外贸顺差及美国对中国贸易逆差的收窄,对美国经济也许有意外的刺激,而中国「家底」已厚,加上有香港这只生钻石蛋的肥鹅,顺差下降外收入萎缩的影响不大。由于有较佳的基建、高技术劳工队伍、高科技效率以至美元价疲不能兴等优势,美国未来成为多项低价产品出口国,是不足为奇的。

Anonymous said...

全球因素将推高中国通胀

南方报业网 — 南方周末/贺军 
2008年02月21日

现在,全球通胀和美元贬值就像大团的乌云越堆越浓,并且开始擂响中国反通胀的战鼓。在此背景下,既定的 “双防”(防过热、防通胀)政策不能动摇

宏观政策不因雪灾和美国经济放缓而改变

市场关注的1月份经济数据陆续出台。市场的关注来自于这样一种普遍期待:在大雪灾和全球放缓的背景下,中国1月的经济运行情况到底如何?中国的宏观政策是否会因不确定性而调整?

陆续出炉的数据逐渐廓清了不确定的形势。据国家统计局最新公布,1月份居民消费价格总水平(CPI)同比上涨7.1%,创下去年以来的新高。从结构看,最大的涨价推动来自食品价格,同比上涨了18.2%。其中,粮食价格上涨5.7%,油脂价格上涨37.1%,肉禽及其制品价格上涨41.2%,猪肉价格上涨58.8%,鲜菜价格上涨13.7%,鲜果价格上涨10.3%。国家统计局公布的工业品出厂价格指数(PPI),也显示了持续上涨的势头,1月份PPI同比上涨6.1%,原材料、燃料、动力购进价格上涨8.9%。从物价看,价格上涨仍然延续了去年以来的上扬态势,情况严峻。

此外的一些中国经济数据,也显示了经济运行十分活跃。从中国的出口增速这个关键数据来看,1月出口总额达1096.6亿美元,同比增长26.7%,保持了较为可观的增速。而1月份中国的外商直接投资(FDI)达到112亿美元,较上年同期大幅增长109.78%。

中国官员日前对宏观调控方向不变的表态,实际上提前透露了1月的经济情况,也澄清了近期萦绕在市场上的政策迷雾。我们注意到,随着全球经济环境以及雪灾冲击等两大不确定因素逐渐变得清晰,中国的宏观政策正在迅速回到既定的轨道上来。

在我们看来,这种政策的“复归”是很有必要的,它不仅向市场清晰地传达出了未来政策的重点所在,还再次明确了对中国经济所面临主要矛盾的判断——不能因为短期突发因素的干扰,而改变既定的“双防”(防经济过热、防通货膨胀)的政策。

国际铁矿石价格再涨65%

中国经济今年面临的最大问题,仍然是通货膨胀。从最新形势看,国际国内的一系列因素,正在擂响中国反通货膨胀的战鼓。

据国内外多家媒体报道,消息人士日前透露,2008年度国际铁矿石价格谈判,已经由国外钢厂率先达成一致:国际铁矿石基准价格将在2007年的基础上上涨65%。消息人士未透露率先定价的谈判双方,但市场人士分析,矿山方可能为巴西淡水河谷,钢厂方可能为日本新日铁。按照谈判惯例,这一价格随后将为参与谈判的各供需方所接受。

这意味着,作为全球最大的铁矿石进口国,中国在2008年度的铁矿石基准定价中再度失手,再次重复了过去的“宿命”——我们拥有市场,却远离游戏规则。

从2005年至2007年,国际铁矿石基准价格涨幅分别为71.5%、19%和9.5%。如果按65%的涨幅,中国进口铁矿石的成本将大幅上升,这将推动钢铁行业以及下游一系列产业的成本上升。这对于中国持续加大的通胀压力,无疑是雪上加霜。

更多热钱涌入,资产和物价上涨势头不减

大宗商品价格普遍上涨,只是推高国内通胀压力的一方面因素。今年更大的影响,则来自国际资金继续汹涌流入中国。在中国经济持续高速增长、人民币继续升值的背景下,各种资金纷纷进入中国进行套利。中国1月份实际FDI同比大幅增长109.78%,显然不完全是“传统”的FDI,而是显示国际游资继续大规模借道投资流入中国。

有学者根据官方数据计算了中国的“外汇储备-贸易顺差-FDI”的数据,发现这部分“疑似热钱”的数据虽然有很大波动,但基本势头是在大幅增加:2003年该数据为378亿美元,2004年是1141亿美元,2005年是466亿美元,2006年是6亿美元,2007年是1170亿美元。在对2006年和2007年数据进行调整之后,2006和2007年分别是764亿美元和2051亿美元。这个简单的计算显示出,热钱流入中国的形势在不断加剧。

在2008年,国际资金流入中国的基本动因未变。美国经济将会放缓,美联储很大可能会继续降息,美元仍将持续贬值。说白了,美国将继续开动印钞机,向全球市场输出流动性。正如我们过去所分析:如果其他各国坚持不减息,全球的美元数量将继续增加,美元在全球交易中的占比将进一步增加,美国人可以用印刷出来的“绿纸”,去换回来更多货真价实的商品或服务。而如果其他各国央行跟随减息,那么全球货币供应量将因此而暴增,全球货币一起贬值,全球商品一起涨价。在这种背景下,经济仍将高速增长、人民币升幅不够的中国,只能扮演美元“蓄水池”的角色,资产泡沫和物价上涨的势头依然不减。

在关注外部经济不确定性风险的同时,我们不能忘记过去经历了一年失误才得出的对中国形势的基本判断。虽然1月的数据还不足以完全显示今年中国经济的开局形势,更明确的判断要到一季度结束才能得出,但从当前形势看,国际国内的多种因素可能使中国今年难改去年面临的局面——流动性过剩和通胀形势依然不改,甚至可能更为严峻。

现在,全球通胀和美元贬值就像大团的乌云越堆越浓,对于决策者而言,在宏观政策上务必把握今年的政策重点,坚定不移地应对日益加剧的通胀压力。 (作者为安邦集团研究总部高级分析师)

[责任编辑:raymondzhao]

Anonymous said...

Hello Again ~ 昔からある場所 ~

いつも 君と 待ち続けた 季節は
何も言わず 通り過ぎた
雨はこの街に 降り注ぐ
少しの リグレットと罪を 包み込んで

泣かないことを 誓ったまま 時は過ぎ
痛む心に 気が付かずに 僕は一人になった

「記憶の中で ずっと二人は 生きて行ける」
君の声が 今も胸に響くよ それは愛が彷徨う影
君は少し泣いた? あの時見えなかった

自分の限界が どこまでかを 知るために
僕は生きてる訳じゃない

だけど新しい扉を開け海に出れば
波の彼方にちゃんと”果て”をを感じられる

僕は この手伸ばして 空に進み 風を受けて
生きていこう どこかでまためぐるよ 遠い昔からある場所
夜の間でさえ 季節は変わっていく

雨は やがて あがっていた

「記憶の中で ずっと二人は 生きて行ける」
君の声が 今も胸に響くよ それは愛が彷徨う影
君は少し泣いた? あの時見えなかった

Hello, again a feeling heart

Hello, again my old dear place

4:25 PM

 

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